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Everything you need to know about the AI chatbot

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ChatGPT, OpenAI’s text-generating AI chatbot, has taken the world by storm since its launch in November 2022. What started as a tool to supercharge productivity through writing essays and code with short text prompts has evolved into a behemoth with 300 million weekly active users.

2024 was a big year for OpenAI, from its partnership with Apple for its generative AI offering, Apple Intelligence, the release of GPT-4o with voice capabilities, and the highly-anticipated launch of its text-to-video model Sora.

OpenAI also faced its share of internal drama, including the notable exits of high-level execs like co-founder and longtime chief scientist Ilya Sutskever and CTO Mira Murati. OpenAI has also been hit with lawsuits from Alden Global Capital-owned newspapers alleging copyright infringement, as well as an injunction from Elon Musk to halt OpenAI’s transition to a for-profit.

In 2025, OpenAI is battling the perception that it’s ceding ground in the AI race to Chinese rivals like DeepSeek. The company has been trying to shore up its relationship with Washington as it simultaneously pursues an ambitious data center project, and as it reportedly lays the groundwork for one of the largest funding rounds in history.

Below, you’ll find a timeline of ChatGPT product updates and releases, starting with the latest, which we’ve been updating throughout the year. If you have any other questions, check out our ChatGPT FAQ here.

To see a list of 2024 updates, go here.

Timeline of the most recent ChatGPT updates

June 2025

The energy needed for an average ChatGPT query can power a lightbulb for a couple of minutes

Sam Altman said that the average ChatGPT query uses about one-fifteenth of a teaspoon of water, equivalent to 0.000083 gallons of water, or the energy required to power a lightbulb for a few minutes, per Business Insider. In addition to that, the chatbot requires 0.34 watt-hours of electricity to operate.

OpenAI has launched o3-pro, an upgraded version of its o3 AI reasoning model

OpenAI has unveiled o3-pro, an enhanced version of its o3, a reasoning model that the chatGPT maker launched earlier this year. O3-pro is available for ChatGPT and Team users and in the API, while Enterprise and Edu users will get access in the third week of June.

ChatGPT’s conversational voice mode has been upgraded

OpenAI upgraded ChatGPT’s conversational voice mood for all paid users across different markets and platforms. The startup has launched an update to Advanced Voice that enables users to converse with ChatGPT out loud in a more natural and fluid sound. The feature also helps users translate languages more easily, the comapny said.

ChatGPT has added new features like meeting recording and connectors for Google Drive, Box, and more

OpenAI’s ChatGPT now offers new funtions for business users, including integrations with various cloud services, meeting recordings, and MCP connection support for connecting to tools for in-depth research. The feature enables ChatGPT to retrieve information across users’ own services to answer their questions. For instance, an analyst could use the company’s slide deck and documents to develop an investment thesis.

May 2025

OpenAI CFO says hardware will drive ChatGPT’s growth

OpenAI plans to purchase Jony Ive’s devices startup io for $6.4 billion. Sarah Friar, CFO of OpenAI, thinks that the hardware will significantly enhance ChatGPT and broaden OpenAI’s reach to a larger audience in the future.

OpenAI’s ChatGPT unveils its AI coding agent, Codex

OpenAI has introduced its AI coding agent, Codex, powered by codex-1, a version of its o3 AI reasoning model designed for software engineering tasks. OpenAI says codex-1 generates more precise and “cleaner” code than o3. The coding agent may take anywhere from one to 30 minutes to complete tasks such as writing simple features, fixing bugs, answering questions about your codebase, and running tests.

Sam Altman aims to make ChatGPT more personalized by tracking every aspect of a person’s life

Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, said during a recent AI event hosted by VC firm Sequoia that he wants ChatGPT to record and remember every detail of a person’s life when one attendee asked about how ChatGPT can become more personalized.

OpenAI releases its GPT-4.1 and GPT-4.1 mini AI models in ChatGPT

OpenAI said in a post on X that it has launched its GPT-4.1 and GPT4.1 mini AI models in ChagGPT.

OpenAI has launched a new feature for ChatGPT deep research to analyze code repositories on GitHub. The ChatGPT deep research feature is in beta and lets developers connect with GitHub to ask questions about codebases and engineering documents. The connector will soon be available for ChatGPT Plus, Pro, and Team users, with support for Enterprise and Education coming shortly, per an OpenAI spokesperson.

OpenAI launches a new data residency program in Asia

After introducing a data residency program in Europe in February, OpenAI has now launched a similar program in Asian countries including India, Japan, Singapore, and South Korea. The new program will be accessible to users of ChatGPT Enterprise, ChatGPT Edu, and API. It will help organizations in Asia meet their local data sovereignty requirements when using OpenAI’s products.

OpenAI to introduce a program to grow AI infrastructure

OpenAI is unveiling a program called OpenAI for Countries, which aims to develop the necessary local infrastructure to serve international AI clients better. The AI startup will work with governments to assist with increasing data center capacity and customizing OpenAI’s products to meet specific language and local needs. OpenAI for Countries is part of efforts to support the company’s expansion of its AI data center Project Stargate to new locations outside the U.S., per Bloomberg.

OpenAI promises to make changes to prevent future ChatGPT sycophancy

OpenAI has announced its plan to make changes to its procedures for updating the AI models that power ChatGPT, following an update that caused the platform to become overly sycophantic for many users.

April 2025

OpenAI clarifies the reason ChatGPT became overly flattering and agreeable

OpenAI has released a post on the recent sycophancy issues with the default AI model powering ChatGPT, GPT-4o, leading the company to revert an update to the model released last week. CEO Sam Altman acknowledged the issue on Sunday and confirmed two days later that the GPT-4o update was being rolled back. OpenAI is working on “additional fixes” to the model’s personality. Over the weekend, users on social media criticized the new model for making ChatGPT too validating and agreeable. It became a popular meme fast.

OpenAI is working to fix a “bug” that let minors engage in inappropriate conversations

An issue within OpenAI’s ChatGPT enabled the chatbot to create graphic erotic content for accounts registered by users under the age of 18, as demonstrated by TechCrunch’s testing, a fact later confirmed by OpenAI. “Protecting younger users is a top priority, and our Model Spec, which guides model behavior, clearly restricts sensitive content like erotica to narrow contexts such as scientific, historical, or news reporting,” a spokesperson told TechCrunch via email. “In this case, a bug allowed responses outside those guidelines, and we are actively deploying a fix to limit these generations.”

ChatGPT helps users by giving recommendations, showing images, and reviewing products for online shopping

OpenAI has added a few features to its ChatGPT search, its web search tool in ChatGPT, to give users an improved online shopping experience. The company says people can ask super-specific questions using natural language and receive customized results. The chatbot provides recommendations, images, and reviews of products in various categories such as fashion, beauty, home goods, and electronics.

OpenAI wants its AI model to access cloud models for assistance

OpenAI leaders have been talking about allowing the open model to link up with OpenAI’s cloud-hosted models to improve its ability to respond to intricate questions, two sources familiar with the situation told TechCrunch.

OpenAI aims to make its new “open” AI model the best on the market

OpenAI is preparing to launch an AI system that will be openly accessible, allowing users to download it for free without any API restrictions. Aidan Clark, OpenAI’s VP of research, is spearheading the development of the open model, which is in the very early stages, sources familiar with the situation told TechCrunch.

OpenAI’s GPT-4.1 may be less aligned than earlier models

OpenAI released a new AI model called GPT-4.1 in mid-April. However, multiple independent tests indicate that the model is less reliable than previous OpenAI releases. The company skipped that step — sending safety cards for GPT-4.1 — claiming in a statement to TechCrunch that “GPT-4.1 is not a frontier model, so there won’t be a separate system card released for it.”

OpenAI’s o3 AI model scored lower than expected on a benchmark

Questions have been raised regarding OpenAI’s transparency and procedures for testing models after a difference in benchmark outcomes was detected by first- and third-party benchmark results for the o3 AI model. OpenAI introduced o3 in December, stating that the model could solve approximately 25% of questions on FrontierMath, a difficult math problem set. Epoch AI, the research institute behind FrontierMath, discovered that o3 achieved a score of approximately 10%, which was significantly lower than OpenAI’s top-reported score.

OpenAI unveils Flex processing for cheaper, slower AI tasks

OpenAI has launched a new API feature called Flex processing that allows users to use AI models at a lower cost but with slower response times and occasional resource unavailability. Flex processing is available in beta on the o3 and o4-mini reasoning models for non-production tasks like model evaluations, data enrichment, and asynchronous workloads.

OpenAI’s latest AI models now have a safeguard against biorisks

OpenAI has rolled out a new system to monitor its AI reasoning models, o3 and o4 mini, for biological and chemical threats. The system is designed to prevent models from giving advice that could potentially lead to harmful attacks, as stated in OpenAI’s safety report.

OpenAI launches its latest reasoning models, o3 and o4-mini

OpenAI has released two new reasoning models, o3 and o4 mini, just two days after launching GPT-4.1. The company claims o3 is the most advanced reasoning model it has developed, while o4-mini is said to provide a balance of price, speed, and performance. The new models stand out from previous reasoning models because they can use ChatGPT features like web browsing, coding, and image processing and generation. But they hallucinate more than several of OpenAI’s previous models.

OpenAI has added a new section to ChatGPT to offer easier access to AI-generated images for all user tiers

Open AI introduced a new section called “library” to make it easier for users to create images on mobile and web platforms, per the company’s X post.

OpenAI could “adjust” its safeguards if rivals release “high-risk” AI

OpenAI said on Tuesday that it might revise its safety standards if “another frontier AI developer releases a high-risk system without comparable safeguards.” The move shows how commercial AI developers face more pressure to rapidly implement models due to the increased competition.

OpenAI is building its own social media network

OpenAI is currently in the early stages of developing its own social media platform to compete with Elon Musk’s X and Mark Zuckerberg’s Instagram and Threads, according to The Verge. It is unclear whether OpenAI intends to launch the social network as a standalone application or incorporate it into ChatGPT.

OpenAI will remove its largest AI model, GPT-4.5, from the API, in July

OpenAI will discontinue its largest AI model, GPT-4.5, from its API even though it was just launched in late February. GPT-4.5 will be available in a research preview for paying customers. Developers can use GPT-4.5 through OpenAI’s API until July 14; then, they will need to switch to GPT-4.1, which was released on April 14.

OpenAI unveils GPT-4.1 AI models that focus on coding capabilities

OpenAI has launched three members of the GPT-4.1 model — GPT-4.1, GPT-4.1 mini, and GPT-4.1 nano — with a specific focus on coding capabilities. It’s accessible via the OpenAI API but not ChatGPT. In the competition to develop advanced programming models, GPT-4.1 will rival AI models such as Google’s Gemini 2.5 Pro, Anthropic’s Claude 3.7 Sonnet, and DeepSeek’s upgraded V3.

OpenAI will discontinue ChatGPT’s GPT-4 at the end of April

OpenAI plans to sunset GPT-4, an AI model introduced more than two years ago, and replace it with GPT-4o, the current default model, per changelog. It will take effect on April 30. GPT-4 will remain available via OpenAI’s API.

OpenAI could release GPT-4.1 soon

OpenAI may launch several new AI models, including GPT-4.1, soon, The Verge reported, citing anonymous sources. GPT-4.1 would be an update of OpenAI’s GPT-4o, which was released last year. On the list of upcoming models are GPT-4.1 and smaller versions like GPT-4.1 mini and nano, per the report.

OpenAI has updated ChatGPT to use information from your previous conversations

OpenAI started updating ChatGPT to enable the chatbot to remember previous conversations with a user and customize its responses based on that context. This feature is rolling out to ChatGPT Pro and Plus users first, excluding those in the U.K., EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland.

OpenAI is working on watermarks for images made with ChatGPT

It looks like OpenAI is working on a watermarking feature for images generated using GPT-4o. AI researcher Tibor Blaho spotted a new “ImageGen” watermark feature in the new beta of ChatGPT’s Android app. Blaho also found mentions of other tools: “Structured Thoughts,” “Reasoning Recap,” “CoT Search Tool,” and “l1239dk1.”

OpenAI offers ChatGPT Plus for free to U.S., Canadian college students

OpenAI is offering its $20-per-month ChatGPT Plus subscription tier for free to all college students in the U.S. and Canada through the end of May. The offer will let millions of students use OpenAI’s premium service, which offers access to the company’s GPT-4o model, image generation, voice interaction, and research tools that are not available in the free version.

ChatGPT users have generated over 700M images so far

More than 130 million users have created over 700 million images since ChatGPT got the upgraded image generator on March 25, according to COO of OpenAI Brad Lightcap. The image generator was made available to all ChatGPT users on March 31, and went viral for being able to create Ghibli-style photos.

OpenAI’s o3 model could cost more to run than initial estimate

The Arc Prize Foundation, which develops the AI benchmark tool ARC-AGI, has updated the estimated computing costs for OpenAI’s o3 “reasoning” model managed by ARC-AGI. The organization originally estimated that the best-performing configuration of o3 it tested, o3 high, would cost approximately $3,000 to address a single problem. The Foundation now thinks the cost could be much higher, possibly around $30,000 per task.

OpenAI CEO says capacity issues will cause product delays

In a series of posts on X, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said the company’s new image-generation tool’s popularity may cause product releases to be delayed. “We are getting things under control, but you should expect new releases from OpenAI to be delayed, stuff to break, and for service to sometimes be slow as we deal with capacity challenges,” he wrote.

March 2025

OpenAI plans to release a new ‘open’ AI language model

OpeanAI intends to release its “first” open language model since GPT-2 “in the coming months.” The company plans to host developer events to gather feedback and eventually showcase prototypes of the model. The first developer event is to be held in San Francisco, with sessions to follow in Europe and Asia.

OpenAI removes ChatGPT’s restrictions on image generation

OpenAI made a notable change to its content moderation policies after the success of its new image generator in ChatGPT, which went viral for being able to create Studio Ghibli-style images. The company has updated its policies to allow ChatGPT to generate images of public figures, hateful symbols, and racial features when requested. OpenAI had previously declined such prompts due to the potential controversy or harm they may cause. However, the company has now “evolved” its approach, as stated in a blog post published by Joanne Jang, the lead for OpenAI’s model behavior.

OpenAI adopts Anthropic’s standard for linking AI models with data

OpenAI wants to incorporate Anthropic’s Model Context Protocol (MCP) into all of its products, including the ChatGPT desktop app. MCP, an open-source standard, helps AI models generate more accurate and suitable responses to specific queries, and lets developers create bidirectional links between data sources and AI applications like chatbots. The protocol is currently available in the Agents SDK, and support for the ChatGPT desktop app and Responses API will be coming soon, OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said.

The latest update of the image generator on OpenAI’s ChatGPT has triggered a flood of AI-generated memes in the style of Studio Ghibli, the Japanese animation studio behind blockbuster films like “My Neighbor Totoro” and “Spirited Away.” The burgeoning mass of Ghibli-esque images have sparked concerns about whether OpenAI has violated copyright laws, especially since the company is already facing legal action for using source material without authorization.

OpenAI expects revenue to triple to $12.7 billion this year

OpenAI expects its revenue to triple to $12.7 billion in 2025, fueled by the performance of its paid AI software, Bloomberg reported, citing an anonymous source. While the startup doesn’t expect to reach positive cash flow until 2029, it expects revenue to increase significantly in 2026 to surpass $29.4 billion, the report said.

ChatGPT has upgraded its image-generation feature

OpenAI on Tuesday rolled out a major upgrade to ChatGPT’s image-generation capabilities: ChatGPT can now use the GPT-4o model to generate and edit images and photos directly. The feature went live earlier this week in ChatGPT and Sora, OpenAI’s AI video-generation tool, for subscribers of the company’s Pro plan, priced at $200 a month, and will be available soon to ChatGPT Plus subscribers and developers using the company’s API service. The company’s CEO Sam Altman said on Wednesday, however, that the release of the image generation feature to free users would be delayed due to higher demand than the company expected.

OpenAI announces leadership updates

Brad Lightcap, OpenAI’s chief operating officer, will lead the company’s global expansion and manage corporate partnerships as CEO Sam Altman shifts his focus to research and products, according to a blog post from OpenAI. Lightcap, who previously worked with Altman at Y Combinator, joined the Microsoft-backed startup in 2018. OpenAI also said Mark Chen would step into the expanded role of chief research officer, and Julia Villagra will take on the role of chief people officer.

OpenAI’s AI voice assistant now has advanced feature

OpenAI has updated its AI voice assistant with improved chatting capabilities, according to a video posted on Monday (March 24) to the company’s official media channels. The update enables real-time conversations, and the AI assistant is said to be more personable and interrupts users less often. Users on ChatGPT’s free tier can now access the new version of Advanced Voice Mode, while paying users will receive answers that are “more direct, engaging, concise, specific, and creative,” a spokesperson from OpenAI told TechCrunch.

OpenAI, Meta in talks with Reliance in India

OpenAI and Meta have separately engaged in discussions with Indian conglomerate Reliance Industries regarding potential collaborations to enhance their AI services in the country, per a report by The Information. One key topic being discussed is Reliance Jio distributing OpenAI’s ChatGPT. Reliance has proposed selling OpenAI’s models to businesses in India through an application programming interface (API) so they can incorporate AI into their operations. Meta also plans to bolster its presence in India by constructing a large 3GW data center in Jamnagar, Gujarat. OpenAI, Meta, and Reliance have not yet officially announced these plans.

OpenAI faces privacy complaint in Europe for chatbot’s defamatory hallucinations

Noyb, a privacy rights advocacy group, is supporting an individual in Norway who was shocked to discover that ChatGPT was providing false information about him, stating that he had been found guilty of killing two of his children and trying to harm the third. “The GDPR is clear. Personal data has to be accurate,” said Joakim Söderberg, data protection lawyer at Noyb, in a statement. “If it’s not, users have the right to have it changed to reflect the truth. Showing ChatGPT users a tiny disclaimer that the chatbot can make mistakes clearly isn’t enough. You can’t just spread false information and in the end add a small disclaimer saying that everything you said may just not be true.”

OpenAI upgrades its transcription and voice-generating AI models

OpenAI has added new transcription and voice-generating AI models to its APIs: a text-to-speech model, “gpt-4o-mini-tts,” that delivers more nuanced and realistic sounding speech, as well as two speech-to-text models called “gpt-4o-transcribe” and “gpt-4o-mini-transcribe”. The company claims they are improved versions of what was already there and that they hallucinate less.

OpenAI has launched o1-pro, a more powerful version of its o1

OpenAI has introduced o1-pro in its developer API. OpenAI says its o1-pro uses more computing than its o1 “reasoning” AI model to deliver “consistently better responses.” It’s only accessible to select developers who have spent at least $5 on OpenAI API services. OpenAI charges $150 for every million tokens (about 750,000 words) input into the model and $600 for every million tokens the model produces. It costs twice as much as OpenAI’s GPT-4.5 for input and 10 times the price of regular o1.

OpenAI research lead Noam Brown thinks AI “reasoning” models could’ve arrived decades ago

Noam Brown, who heads AI reasoning research at OpenAI, thinks that certain types of AI models for “reasoning” could have been developed 20 years ago if researchers had understood the correct approach and algorithms.

OpenAI says it has trained an AI that’s “really good” at creative writing

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said, in a post on X, that the company has trained a “new model” that’s “really good” at creative writing. He posted a lengthy sample from the model given the prompt “Please write a metafictional literary short story about AI and grief.” OpenAI has not extensively explored the use of AI for writing fiction. The company has mostly concentrated on challenges in rigid, predictable areas such as math and programming. And it turns out that it might not be that great at creative writing at all.

OpenAI launches new tools to help businesses build AI agents

OpenAI rolled out new tools designed to help developers and businesses build AI agents — automated systems that can independently accomplish tasks — using the company’s own AI models and frameworks. The tools are part of OpenAI’s new Responses API, which enables enterprises to develop customized AI agents that can perform web searches, scan through company files, and navigate websites, similar to OpenAI’s Operator product. The Responses API effectively replaces OpenAI’s Assistants API, which the company plans to discontinue in the first half of 2026.

OpenAI reportedly plans to charge up to $20,000 a month for specialized AI ‘agents’

OpenAI intends to release several “agent” products tailored for different applications, including sorting and ranking sales leads and software engineering, according to a report from The Information. One, a “high-income knowledge worker” agent, will reportedly be priced at $2,000 a month. Another, a software developer agent, is said to cost $10,000 a month. The most expensive rumored agents, which are said to be aimed at supporting “PhD-level research,” are expected to cost $20,000 per month. The jaw-dropping figure is indicative of how much cash OpenAI needs right now: The company lost roughly $5 billion last year after paying for costs related to running its services and other expenses. It’s unclear when these agentic tools might launch or which customers will be eligible to buy them.

ChatGPT can directly edit your code

The latest version of the macOS ChatGPT app allows users to edit code directly in supported developer tools, including Xcode, VS Code, and JetBrains. ChatGPT Plus, Pro, and Team subscribers can use the feature now, and the company plans to roll it out to more users like Enterprise, Edu, and free users.

ChatGPT’s weekly active users doubled in less than 6 months, thanks to new releases

According to a new report from VC firm Andreessen Horowitz (a16z), OpenAI’s AI chatbot, ChatGPT, experienced solid growth in the second half of 2024. It took ChatGPT nine months to increase its weekly active users from 100 million in November 2023 to 200 million in August 2024, but it only took less than six months to double that number once more, according to the report. ChatGPT’s weekly active users increased to 300 million by December 2024 and 400 million by February 2025. ChatGPT has experienced significant growth recently due to the launch of new models and features, such as GPT-4o, with multimodal capabilities. ChatGPT usage spiked from April to May 2024, shortly after that model’s launch.

February 2025

OpenAI cancels its o3 AI model in favor of a ‘unified’ next-gen release

OpenAI has effectively canceled the release of o3 in favor of what CEO Sam Altman is calling a “simplified” product offering. In a post on X, Altman said that, in the coming months, OpenAI will release a model called GPT-5 that “integrates a lot of [OpenAI’s] technology,” including o3, in ChatGPT and its API. As a result of that roadmap decision, OpenAI no longer plans to release o3 as a standalone model. 

ChatGPT may not be as power-hungry as once assumed

A commonly cited stat is that ChatGPT requires around 3 watt-hours of power to answer a single question. Using OpenAI’s latest default model for ChatGPT, GPT-4o, as a reference, nonprofit AI research institute Epoch AI found the average ChatGPT query consumes around 0.3 watt-hours. However, the analysis doesn’t consider the additional energy costs incurred by ChatGPT with features like image generation or input processing.

OpenAI now reveals more of its o3-mini model’s thought process

In response to pressure from rivals like DeepSeek, OpenAI is changing the way its o3-mini model communicates its step-by-step “thought” process. ChatGPT users will see an updated “chain of thought” that shows more of the model’s “reasoning” steps and how it arrived at answers to questions.

You can now use ChatGPT web search without logging in

OpenAI is now allowing anyone to use ChatGPT web search without having to log in. While OpenAI had previously allowed users to ask ChatGPT questions without signing in, responses were restricted to the chatbot’s last training update. This only applies through ChatGPT.com, however. To use ChatGPT in any form through the native mobile app, you will still need to be logged in.

OpenAI unveils a new ChatGPT agent for ‘deep research’

OpenAI announced a new AI “agent” called deep research that’s designed to help people conduct in-depth, complex research using ChatGPT. OpenAI says the “agent” is intended for instances where you don’t just want a quick answer or summary, but instead need to assiduously consider information from multiple websites and other sources.

January 2025

OpenAI used a subreddit to test AI persuasion

OpenAI used the subreddit r/ChangeMyView to measure the persuasive abilities of its AI reasoning models. OpenAI says it collects user posts from the subreddit and asks its AI models to write replies, in a closed environment, that would change the Reddit user’s mind on a subject. The company then shows the responses to testers, who assess how persuasive the argument is, and finally OpenAI compares the AI models’ responses to human replies for that same post. 

OpenAI launches o3-mini, its latest ‘reasoning’ model

OpenAI launched a new AI “reasoning” model, o3-mini, the newest in the company’s o family of models. OpenAI first previewed the model in December alongside a more capable system called o3. OpenAI is pitching its new model as both “powerful” and “affordable.”

ChatGPT’s mobile users are 85% male, report says

A new report from app analytics firm Appfigures found that over half of ChatGPT’s mobile users are under age 25, with users between ages 50 and 64 making up the second largest age demographic. The gender gap among ChatGPT users is even more significant. Appfigures estimates that across age groups, men make up 84.5% of all users.

OpenAI launches ChatGPT plan for US government agencies

OpenAI launched ChatGPT Gov designed to provide U.S. government agencies an additional way to access the tech. ChatGPT Gov includes many of the capabilities found in OpenAI’s corporate-focused tier, ChatGPT Enterprise. OpenAI says that ChatGPT Gov enables agencies to more easily manage their own security, privacy, and compliance, and could expedite internal authorization of OpenAI’s tools for the handling of non-public sensitive data.

More teens report using ChatGPT for schoolwork, despite the tech’s faults

Younger Gen Zers are embracing ChatGPT, for schoolwork, according to a new survey by the Pew Research Center. In a follow-up to its 2023 poll on ChatGPT usage among young people, Pew asked ~1,400 U.S.-based teens ages 13 to 17 whether they’ve used ChatGPT for homework or other school-related assignments. Twenty-six percent said that they had, double the number two years ago. Just over half of teens responding to the poll said they think it’s acceptable to use ChatGPT for researching new subjects. But considering the ways ChatGPT can fall short, the results are possibly cause for alarm.

OpenAI says it may store deleted Operator data for up to 90 days

OpenAI says that it might store chats and associated screenshots from customers who use Operator, the company’s AI “agent” tool, for up to 90 days — even after a user manually deletes them. While OpenAI has a similar deleted data retention policy for ChatGPT, the retention period for ChatGPT is only 30 days, which is 60 days shorter than Operator’s.

OpenAI launches Operator, an AI agent that performs tasks autonomously

OpenAI is launching a research preview of Operator, a general-purpose AI agent that can take control of a web browser and independently perform certain actions. Operator promises to automate tasks such as booking travel accommodations, making restaurant reservations, and shopping online.

OpenAI may preview its agent tool for users on the $200-per-month Pro plan

Operator, OpenAI’s agent tool, could be released sooner rather than later. Changes to ChatGPT’s code base suggest that Operator will be available as an early research preview to users on the $200 Pro subscription plan. The changes aren’t yet publicly visible, but a user on X who goes by Choi spotted these updates in ChatGPT’s client-side code. TechCrunch separately identified the same references to Operator on OpenAI’s website.

OpenAI tests phone number-only ChatGPT signups

OpenAI has begun testing a feature that lets new ChatGPT users sign up with only a phone number — no email required. The feature is currently in beta in the U.S. and India. However, users who create an account using their number can’t upgrade to one of OpenAI’s paid plans without verifying their account via an email. Multi-factor authentication also isn’t supported without a valid email.

ChatGPT now lets you schedule reminders and recurring tasks

ChatGPT’s new beta feature, called tasks, allows users to set simple reminders. For example, you can ask ChatGPT to remind you when your passport expires in six months, and the AI assistant will follow up with a push notification on whatever platform you have tasks enabled. The feature will start rolling out to ChatGPT Plus, Team, and Pro users around the globe this week.

New ChatGPT feature lets users assign it traits like ‘chatty’ and ‘Gen Z’

OpenAI is introducing a new way for users to customize their interactions with ChatGPT. Some users found they can specify a preferred name or nickname and “traits” they’d like the chatbot to have. OpenAI suggests traits like “Chatty,” “Encouraging,” and “Gen Z.” However, some users reported that the new options have disappeared, so it’s possible they went live prematurely.

FAQs:

What is ChatGPT? How does it work?

ChatGPT is a general-purpose chatbot that uses artificial intelligence to generate text after a user enters a prompt, developed by tech startup OpenAI. The chatbot uses GPT-4, a large language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like text.

When did ChatGPT get released?

November 30, 2022 is when ChatGPT was released for public use.

What is the latest version of ChatGPT?

Both the free version of ChatGPT and the paid ChatGPT Plus are regularly updated with new GPT models. The most recent model is GPT-4o.

Can I use ChatGPT for free?

There is a free version of ChatGPT that only requires a sign-in in addition to the paid version, ChatGPT Plus.

Who uses ChatGPT?

Anyone can use ChatGPT! More and more tech companies and search engines are utilizing the chatbot to automate text or quickly answer user questions/concerns.

What companies use ChatGPT?

Multiple enterprises utilize ChatGPT, although others may limit the use of the AI-powered tool.

Most recently, Microsoft announced at its 2023 Build conference that it is integrating its ChatGPT-based Bing experience into Windows 11. A Brooklyn-based 3D display startup Looking Glass utilizes ChatGPT to produce holograms you can communicate with by using ChatGPT.  And nonprofit organization Solana officially integrated the chatbot into its network with a ChatGPT plug-in geared toward end users to help onboard into the web3 space.

What does GPT mean in ChatGPT?

GPT stands for Generative Pre-Trained Transformer.

What is the difference between ChatGPT and a chatbot?

A chatbot can be any software/system that holds dialogue with you/a person but doesn’t necessarily have to be AI-powered. For example, there are chatbots that are rules-based in the sense that they’ll give canned responses to questions.

ChatGPT is AI-powered and utilizes LLM technology to generate text after a prompt.

Can ChatGPT write essays?

Yes.

Can ChatGPT commit libel?

Due to the nature of how these models work, they don’t know or care whether something is true, only that it looks true. That’s a problem when you’re using it to do your homework, sure, but when it accuses you of a crime you didn’t commit, that may well at this point be libel.

We will see how handling troubling statements produced by ChatGPT will play out over the next few months as tech and legal experts attempt to tackle the fastest moving target in the industry.

Does ChatGPT have an app?

Yes, there is a free ChatGPT mobile app for iOS and Android users.

What is the ChatGPT character limit?

It’s not documented anywhere that ChatGPT has a character limit. However, users have noted that there are some character limitations after around 500 words.

Does ChatGPT have an API?

Yes, it was released March 1, 2023.

What are some sample everyday uses for ChatGPT?

Everyday examples include programming, scripts, email replies, listicles, blog ideas, summarization, etc.

What are some advanced uses for ChatGPT?

Advanced use examples include debugging code, programming languages, scientific concepts, complex problem solving, etc.

How good is ChatGPT at writing code?

It depends on the nature of the program. While ChatGPT can write workable Python code, it can’t necessarily program an entire app’s worth of code. That’s because ChatGPT lacks context awareness — in other words, the generated code isn’t always appropriate for the specific context in which it’s being used.

Can you save a ChatGPT chat?

Yes. OpenAI allows users to save chats in the ChatGPT interface, stored in the sidebar of the screen. There are no built-in sharing features yet.

Are there alternatives to ChatGPT?

Yes. There are multiple AI-powered chatbot competitors such as Together, Google’s Gemini and Anthropic’s Claude, and developers are creating open source alternatives.

How does ChatGPT handle data privacy?

OpenAI has said that individuals in “certain jurisdictions” (such as the EU) can object to the processing of their personal information by its AI models by filling out this form. This includes the ability to make requests for deletion of AI-generated references about you. Although OpenAI notes it may not grant every request since it must balance privacy requests against freedom of expression “in accordance with applicable laws”.

The web form for making a deletion of data about you request is entitled “OpenAI Personal Data Removal Request”.

In its privacy policy, the ChatGPT maker makes a passing acknowledgement of the objection requirements attached to relying on “legitimate interest” (LI), pointing users towards more information about requesting an opt out — when it writes: “See here for instructions on how you can opt out of our use of your information to train our models.”

What controversies have surrounded ChatGPT?

Recently, Discord announced that it had integrated OpenAI’s technology into its bot named Clyde where two users tricked Clyde into providing them with instructions for making the illegal drug methamphetamine (meth) and the incendiary mixture napalm.

An Australian mayor has publicly announced he may sue OpenAI for defamation due to ChatGPT’s false claims that he had served time in prison for bribery. This would be the first defamation lawsuit against the text-generating service.

CNET found itself in the midst of controversy after Futurism reported the publication was publishing articles under a mysterious byline completely generated by AI. The private equity company that owns CNET, Red Ventures, was accused of using ChatGPT for SEO farming, even if the information was incorrect.

Several major school systems and colleges, including New York City Public Schools, have banned ChatGPT from their networks and devices. They claim that the AI impedes the learning process by promoting plagiarism and misinformation, a claim that not every educator agrees with.

There have also been cases of ChatGPT accusing individuals of false crimes.

Where can I find examples of ChatGPT prompts?

Several marketplaces host and provide ChatGPT prompts, either for free or for a nominal fee. One is PromptBase. Another is ChatX. More launch every day.

Can ChatGPT be detected?

Poorly. Several tools claim to detect ChatGPT-generated text, but in our tests, they’re inconsistent at best.

Are ChatGPT chats public?

No. But OpenAI recently disclosed a bug, since fixed, that exposed the titles of some users’ conversations to other people on the service.

What lawsuits are there surrounding ChatGPT?

None specifically targeting ChatGPT. But OpenAI is involved in at least one lawsuit that has implications for AI systems trained on publicly available data, which would touch on ChatGPT.

Are there issues regarding plagiarism with ChatGPT?

Yes. Text-generating AI models like ChatGPT have a tendency to regurgitate content from their training data.

This story is continually updated with new information.



Fantasy football: Top storylines for 2025

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The 2025 NFL season is around the corner. I cannot wait.

The “Fantasy Focus Football” podcast will be returning soon for another season, as we’ll have a lot to dive into throughout the preseason to get you ready to dominate your leagues.

As we count down the days until the regular season, now seems like an ideal time to spotlight some of the biggest storylines surrounding the upcoming season.

There’s no one better to do that with than Daniel Dopp. ESPN asked that we also include Mike Clay.

So let’s dive into it. — Field Yates

Yates: Will Ja’Marr Chase be the king of fantasy again? Between now and the start of the season, the question I will certainly be asked most frequently is: “Who would you take with the first overall pick in your draft?” Without diving into every candidate with a case, my short answer is that the likeliest pick is Chase, as he returns after winning the NFL’s receiving quadruple crown: He led the league in catches, yards, touchdowns and targets, scoring more fantasy points than every player except Lamar Jackson. The case for Chase to have success comparable to that: He’s Ja’Marr Chase (now the highest-paid non-quarterback in league history), his quarterback is still Joe Burrow, and the Cincinnati Bengals have been one of the pass-heavier teams in the league. Repeating historic production is hard to do, however, and there are other players who could rise to the top — even if Chase still has an All-Pro-level season — such as Bijan Robinson, Justin Jefferson, Jahmyr Gibbs and a little-known running back named Saquon Barkley.

Clay: Wow, what an honor it is to be included in an article with Mel Kiper III … err, I mean Field Yates! The Fantasy Sports Writers Association Hall of Fame nod was cool and all, but now I know I’ve finally made it. By the way, are we sure Daniel is going to contribute? I heard he’s on the road scouting center talent for his Detroit Lions now that Frank Ragnow hung up his cleats. Speaking of which, I wonder how that might affect Gibbs’ efficiency and, while I’ll save that topic for some other time, I want to talk about running backs, specifically the loaded 2025 RB rookie class. All six backs selected in the first three rounds of April’s NFL draft are likely to make a sizable impact right out of the gate: the Las Vegas RaidersAshton Jeanty, Los Angeles ChargersOmarion Hampton, Denver BroncosRJ Harvey, Cleveland BrownsQuinshon Judkins, Pittsburgh SteelersKaleb Johnson and New England PatriotsTreVeyon Henderson, as well as New York Giants fourth-rounder Cam Skattebo. It won’t be surprising if most (if not all) of these backs find their way into the “lineup lock” discussion this season … and that doesn’t even include a few wild cards, such as the Dallas CowboysJaydon Blue and Jacksonville JaguarsBhayshul Tuten. Running back is headed for a bit of a facelift this season, and I know I’ll be investing heavily in several of these rookies on draft day. Do you have a favorite rookie RB target, Daniel?

Dopp: Hey Michael, great to see you, too! I can’t believe my team and I are taking shots before I’ve even written a word in this column. But we can just move past it, and I’ll answer your question like a professional (in case you were wondering what one looked like — zing!). My favorite rookie back is Jeanty, who I have at RB4, one spot ahead of current rushing champion Barkley. I’m concerned about the natural regression for Barkley coming off of such a heavy workload, and I know I’m not alone. Reddit is filled with threads about workload concerns and whether they’re real. We’ll save the big numbers for an upcoming “Fantasy Focus,” but 12 of the past 13 running backs with at least 300 carries saw their fantasy points drop by an average of 78.8 points the following season. Maybe I’m off base, but give me the rookie in a Pete Carroll-led Raiders offense with absurd expectations for the young back over the vet who has to overcome historical odds (and old age, in RB terms). Oh, and Field, did I mention that Barkley is on the Madden cover this year? He’s my No. 12 overall player behind a number of wide receivers and Jeanty. I wouldn’t fault anyone for taking Barkley — he could be a legitimate outlier — but I just don’t think I’ll draft him considering where I ranked him.

Yates: Will Christian McCaffrey and Tyreek Hill return to peak form? At this time last year, we were all gearing up to take McCaffrey with the No. 1 pick, as he was otherworldly once again in 2023. His 2024 season was effectively over before it even started, as an Achilles and subsequent knee issue limited him to 50 carries. If we knew McCaffrey was going to be healthy for this full season, I still believe he would be deserving of the first pick; he’s simply that dominant. But we don’t, so where he lands in drafts — closer to the end of the first round in the mocks I have done — could make him the steal of the year. Meanwhile, Hill had wrist surgery this offseason, which might explain his disappointing 2024 season, but only partially. He didn’t miss a single game last year, but the offense seemingly just lost its mojo. Because of Hill’s bizarre 2024 season, the overall depth of wide receiver and the rise of young stars at the spot, Hill’s average draft position is dropping substantially. He rarely lasted past the first five picks in drafts last year, while I’ve seen him consistently drop to the end of the third or beginning of the fourth round in early 10-team mocks. Do these stars have a resurgence in them in 2025 and beyond? Mike, I was going to make a joke about how some say you have also fallen off like Hill last year, but I won’t because I’m a nice guy. You’re back up.

Clay: Hey, at least I was atop a cliff I could fall from … unlike Anthony Richardson. Imagine hyping up that guy last offseason. Speaking of quarterbacks, what’s the best strategy this year? It used to be necessary to get one of the superstars, but then the fad was to wait as long as possible to find a starter. This season, I want one of the big five, which includes Josh Allen, reigning top scorer Jackson, Jayden Daniels, Jalen Hurts and, to a slightly lesser extent, Burrow (he doesn’t have quite the rushing appeal). After those five, I see a big drop-off and a lot of quarterbacks with similar outlooks. That includes Patrick Mahomes, Baker Mayfield, Bo Nix, Kyler Murray, Brock Purdy, Caleb Williams and Justin Herbert (among many others). If I miss on the first five, I’m happy to focus on other positions and wait quite a long time to pounce on a passer, including taking a lottery ticket on a breakout candidate such as Drake Maye or J.J. McCarthy. The one QB I know I won’t ever draft is Jared Goff, as Daniel is a true Lions fan and would never let him out of the first round. Right, Daniel? RIGHT?!

Daniel: I can understand the confusion because the Lions do have two players who are being drafted in the first round this year in Gibbs and Amon-Ra St. Brown, but no, Michael, I’d NEVER take a QB in the first round. Even my beloved Goff, who trails only Hurts, Allen and Jackson for the most games with at least 25 fantasy points among QBs over the past three seasons. Not bad for a professional athlete who has the 40-yard dash speed of Mike Clay. At least we know who Goff is as a quarterback. I can’t say the same for Jonnu Smith. How are you supposed to properly value Smith this year? He has finished 17th or worse at tight end in seven of his eight NFL seasons. That’s really bad. The lone exception was last year’s finish as TE4, and boy was it a weird season. After dealing with head injuries in the first half of 2024, Tua Tagovailoa was back under center in Week 8, and Smith went on a tear to finish the season. From Weeks 8 to 16, he saw more targets, receptions and receiving yards than any other pass catcher in Miami (including Hill and Jaylen Waddle), and he tied Hill for the most receiving touchdowns among Dolphins during that stretch. Last season was great, but 2025 managers have to wonder whether a guy who finished outside the top 16 in all but one season in the NFL can actually repeat and provide TE1 value. And now there’s concern he could be traded to the Pittsburgh Steelers to play for Arthur Smith for a third time. I technically have Smith listed as a starter because he’s the TE10 in my rankings, but during our mock draft exercise I passed on Smith more than Mike passed on the gym this spring. Can’t wait to see that dad bod in the Bahamas!

Best Early Amazon Prime Day 2025 Home and Kitchen Deals

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Everything You Need to Know About Amazon Prime Day 2025

Your favorite summer sale is back! It’s almost time for Amazon Prime Day 2025.

When Is Prime Day 2025

Amazon Prime Day 2025 is officially set for July 8 to 11, and yep—this year’s mega sale is running four whole days.

If you’re eyeing markdowns on beauty, tech, fashion, and home finds, the early deals are already heating up—and you don’t have to wait until July to start saving.

Amazon has quietly launched a wave of early discounts across top-rated brands, so now’s the time to get your wishlist ready. Expect massive Lightning Deals, restocks on viral favorites, and serious steals on everyday essentials. 

Do I Have to be a Prime Member to Shop Amazon Prime Day?

Yes, Amazon Prime Day deals are exclusively for Prime members. If you’re not already a member, you can sign up for a 30-day free trial to get access to all the savings, fast shipping, and other Prime perks during the event.

How Much Is Amazon Prime?

Amazon Prime costs $14.99 per month or $139 per year. Membership includes free two-day shipping, exclusive access to Prime Day deals, streaming content, and more. New members can start with a 30-day free trial.

How Much Is Amazon Shipping?

Shipping fees vary based on the items and delivery method, but Prime members enjoy free and fast shipping on most purchases. It’s one of the biggest benefits of joining ahead of Prime Day.

Is There a Student Discount for Amazon Prime?

Students can get Amazon Prime for just $7.49 per month or $69 per year. Plus, eligible new members get a free 6-month trial—perfect for shopping Prime Day without paying full price.

Esther Rantzen urges Lords not to block bill

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Maia Davies & Johanna Chisholm

BBC News

Getty Images Dame Esther Rantzen, an elderly woman with a short blonde bob, wears a blue feathered fascinator, a blue jacket and a yellow scarfGetty Images

Dame Esther Rantzen told the BBC in 2023 that she had joined assisted dying clinic Dignitas

Dame Esther Rantzen has appealed to the House of Lords not to block a bill giving terminally ill adults in England and Wales the right to an assisted death, after it was backed by MPs on Friday.

The Terminally Ill Adults Bill was passed by 314 votes to 291 in the House of Commons – but will need to go through the Lords before becoming law.

Broadcaster Dame Esther, who joined the Swiss assisted dying clinic Dignitas after being diagnosed with terminal lung cancer in 2023, told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme: “Their job is to scrutinise, to ask questions, but not to oppose.”

Critics of the bill, including Conservative peer Lord Shinkwin, say it could see disabled and vulnerable people being coerced into ending their lives.

This bill puts a price “on my head” and “the heads of so many disabled people” and older people, the prominent disability rights campaigner, who will get a vote in the Lords, told Today.

Some peers, including Lord Shinkwin, have indicated they will attempt to amend the legislation to introduce more safeguards.

Dame Esther, a prominent supporter of the bill, said she did not “need to teach the House of Lords how to do their job”.

“People who are adamantly opposed to this bill – and they have the perfect right to oppose it – will try and stop it going through the Lords.”

But she said the duty of peers was to make sure “law is actually created by the elected chamber, which is the House of Commons, who have voted this through”.

Even though MPs have approved the bill, peers in the Lords could stop it from becoming law by voting against it or not approving it quickly enough.

Under the proposals, mentally competent, terminally ill adults in England and Wales with a life expectancy of less than six months would be eligible for an assisted death.

They would need to make two separate declarations, signed and witnessed, about their “clear, settled and informed” wish to die, and satisfy two independent doctors that they are eligible and have not been coerced.

There would be at least a seven-day gap between each assessment.

The application would then go before a multi-disciplinary panel comprising a psychiatrist, a social worker and a lawyer.

If the panel approved the application, there would be a further 14-day “period of reflection” which could be cut to 48 hours if the patient is likely to die within a month.

Lord Shinkwin explained that, only a few months ago, he had been in intensive care and found himself in an “extremely vulnerable” state.

Had a doctor asked him at the time about assisted dying – which he said doctors would be allowed to do under the provision of the bill – he “would have felt under real pressure to do that”.

The Conservative peer said he had concerns that safeguards, such as those in the bill’s current form, could be eroded, as suggested they had been in other jurisdictions where assisted dying legislation had been enacted.

He added that some vulnerable groups – including older and disabled people – might feel they were a burden on “family, friends or society”.

“I have to say, as a disabled person, feeling you are a burden goes with the territory,” Lord Shinkwin said. “And I don’t want people to feel under pressure.”

Watch: How the assisted dying debate played out

Pressed about concerns that vulnerable people could be coerced into an assisted death, Dame Esther replied: “We have got this right.”

She said the bill set out a “rigorous” process. An assisted death would only be available to those with six months to live who chose to ask for help with ending their lives, and had that request approved by doctors and a panel of experts.

She added that that “disability will not qualify anyone for assisted dying, nor will mental disorder”.

Dame Esther said she was “deeply relieved” by Friday’s vote – though she noted it was unlikely to become law in her lifetime.

“At least I know that for future generations, if life becomes intolerable, unbearable, and they are terminally ill with six months or less to live, they will be able to ask for a pain-free, swift death.”

Baroness Tanni Grey-Thompson, who will get a vote in the Lords, said that she had heard from “disabled people [who] are absolutely terrified” of the bill.

The former Paralympian told BBC Breakfast that it was the “job in the Lords” to go “line by line” to ensure all amendments were fairly debated, adding: “I do think there are a lot more safeguards that could be put in.”

The Commons vote in favour of the bill came after a debate that saw MPs tell their personal stories of seeing friends and relatives die.

It is likely, though not guaranteed, that the Lords will approve the bill later this year.

If that happens, ministers would have a maximum of four years to implement the measures, meaning assisted dying may not become available until 2029.

Conservative MP Danny Kruger, a vocal opponent of the move, said he hoped the Lords would either reject the proposed legislation or “substantially strengthen it”.

But Labour MP Kim Leadbeater, who proposed the bill, said she hoped there would be “no funny games” in the Lords, “because the process has been extremely thorough”.

The “close” margin in the Commons, Lord Shinkwin argued, shows that “many MPs would appreciate the opportunity” to look at the legislation again.

“If 12 members of Parliament had voted the other way, we would not be having this conversation right now.”

Any changes made in the House of Lords would also have to be approved by MPs before the bill could become law.

The legislation was approved with a majority of 23 MPs – less than half the margin of 55 in favour when it was first debated in November.

MPs were given a free vote on the bill, meaning they did not have to follow a party policy.

Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer backed the legislation, while Conservative leader Kemi Badenoch and Health Secretary Wes Streeting voted against it.

HHS investigating Michigan health care system over alleged conscience rights violation

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The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is investigating whether an employee at a Michigan hospital system was fired for refusing to use a patient’s preferred pronouns and assisting in “sex trait modification” procedures, the agency’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) announced Friday.  

The health care worker allegedly requested religious accommodations from certain employment practices like using patients’ preferred pronouns even if they do not match with their sex and from helping with “certain sex trait modification procedures,” according to a press release from the HHS.

An HHS spokesperson has yet to respond to questions from The Hill on the name of the health care system under investigation.  

If the employee was fired for this reason, the press release states, the termination was a violation of federal conscience laws.  

The investigation will look into whether the health system has policies that align with federal conscience laws, also known as Church Amendments, that seek to accommodate health care workers with religious beliefs that conflict with certain health care procedures. 

The investigation will also examine the specific circumstances related to the health care worker’s firing. 

“OCR is committed to enforcing Federal conscience laws in health care,” HHS Office for Civil Rights Director Paula M. Stannard said. “Health care workers should be able to practice both their professions and their faith.” 

This is the third investigation regarding conscience rights in health care the department has launched since President Trump returned to office in late January.

“Today’s announcement is part of a larger effort to strengthen enforcement of laws protecting conscience and religious exercise,” the agency said in a statement.  

S&P Futures Gain as Trump Delays Decision on Iran Strikes

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Wall street sign in New York City with American flags and New York Stock Exchange in background by kasto80 via iStock
Wall street sign in New York City with American flags and New York Stock Exchange in background by kasto80 via iStock

June S&P 500 E-Mini futures (ESM25) are trending up +0.15% this morning as cash trading resumed after the Juneteenth holiday, with investors digesting the White House’s signal that President Trump would delay a decision to launch strikes against Iran.

The conflict between Israel and Iran entered its second week, with Israel hitting more nuclear sites in Iran on Thursday and warning that its strikes could bring down Tehran’s leadership, as both sides awaited a decision from U.S. President Donald Trump on whether to join the offensive. On Thursday afternoon, White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt said that President Trump would decide within two weeks whether the U.S. would participate in strikes against Iran, while noting there was a “substantial chance” of reaching a negotiated settlement. The news alleviated immediate concerns of U.S. military escalation, providing some relief to investors.

As widely expected, the Federal Reserve left interest rates unchanged on Wednesday. The Federal Open Market Committee voted unanimously to keep the federal funds rate in a range of 4.25%-4.50% for the fourth consecutive meeting. In a post-meeting statement, officials said that “uncertainty about the economic outlook has diminished but remains elevated.” Policymakers also released updated quarterly rate projections and economic forecasts, lowering their estimates for economic growth this year while projecting higher inflation and unemployment. While the median projection for two rate cuts this year remained unchanged, officials now anticipate fewer cuts in 2026 and 2027.

At a press conference, Fed Chair Jerome Powell reiterated his view that the central bank was “well positioned to wait to learn more about the likely course of the economy before considering any adjustments to our policy stance.” Powell also stated that rising tariffs are likely to push prices higher, cautioning that their impact on inflation could be more persistent.

“They are clearly in wait-and-see mode. They are sitting on their hands, waiting to see if tariffs increase inflation or the jobs market starts to falter, and whichever part of their dual mandate is impacted first will likely guide whichever direction they take,” said Chris Zaccarelli at Northlight Asset Management.

In Wednesday’s trading session, Wall Street’s major indexes ended mixed. Mastercard (MA) slid more than -5% to lead losers in the S&P 500, and Visa (V) fell over -4% to lead losers in the Dow amid continued worries about the impact of stablecoins on credit-card issuers. Also, Zoetis (ZTS) slid more than -4% after Stifel downgraded the stock to Hold from Buy. In addition, La-Z-Boy (LZB) fell over -1% after the furniture maker posted weaker-than-expected FQ4 adjusted EPS and issued soft FQ1 revenue guidance. On the bullish side, Coinbase (COIN) surged more than +16% and was the top percentage gainer on the S&P 500 after the Senate passed the Genius Act, legislation aimed at regulating stablecoins, and the company introduced Coinbase Payments, a stablecoin payments stack for commerce platforms.

The Labor Department’s report on Wednesday showed that the number of Americans filing for initial jobless claims in the past week fell -5K to 245K, compared with the 246K expected. Also, U.S. May housing starts plunged -9.8% m/m to a 5-year low of 1.256M, weaker than expectations of 1.350M, while building permits, a proxy for future construction, fell -2.0% m/m to 1.393M, weaker than expectations of 1.420M.

Meanwhile, Wall Street is bracing for a quarterly event known as “triple-witching,” during which derivatives contracts linked to equities, index options, and futures expire, prompting traders collectively to either roll over their current positions or initiate new ones. According to an estimate from Citi, $5.8 trillion of notional open interest across equities is set to expire today, including $4.2 trillion of index options, $708 billion of bets on U.S. ETFs, and $819 billion of single stock options. Rocky Fishman, founder of research firm Asym 500, estimated a larger figure of roughly $6.5 trillion, which also includes the notional value of options on equity index futures expiring today.

On the economic data front, investors will focus on the U.S. Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index, which is set to be released in a couple of hours. Economists, on average, forecast that the June Philly Fed manufacturing index will stand at -1.7, compared to last month’s value of -4.0.

The Conference Board’s Leading Economic Index for the U.S. will also be released today. Economists expect the May figure to be -0.1% m/m, compared to the previous number of -1.0% m/m.

On the earnings front, notable companies like Accenture (ACN), Kroger (KR), Darden Restaurants (DRI), and CarMax (KMX) are slated to release their quarterly results today.

U.S. rate futures have priced in a 91.7% chance of no rate change and an 8.3% chance of a 25 basis point rate cut at the next central bank meeting in July.

In the bond market, the yield on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note is at 4.403%, up +0.16%.

The Euro Stoxx 50 Index is up +0.77% this morning, snapping a three-day losing streak as sentiment improved after the White House downplayed speculation that the U.S. was close to joining Israel in strikes against Iran. Travel stocks led the gains on Friday. Chip stocks also gained ground. Still, the benchmark index is on track for its first back-to-back weekly drop since the start of April. Meanwhile, European foreign ministers are scheduled to meet with Iranian officials in Geneva on Friday to urge them to de-escalate. On the economic front, data from the Office for National Statistics showed on Friday that Britain’s monthly retail sales fell much more than expected in May, a fresh indication of pessimism in an economy struggling to gain traction. Separately, data showed that France’s manufacturing climate indicator fell slightly in June. Investor focus is now on the Eurozone’s preliminary consumer confidence data for June, due later in the session. In corporate news, Tui AG (TUI1.D.DX) climbed over +4% after Barclays double-upgraded the stock to Overweight from Underweight, citing strong demand for packaged travel. At the same time, Berkeley Group Holdings Plc (BKG.LN) plunged more than -7% after the homebuilder announced management changes.

U.K. Retail Sales, U.K. Core Retail Sales, Germany’s PPI, and France’s Business Survey data were released today.

U.K. May Retail Sales stood at -2.7% m/m and -1.3% y/y, weaker than expectations of -0.5% m/m and +1.7% y/y.

U.K. May Core Retail Sales arrived at -2.8% m/m and -1.3% y/y, weaker than expectations of -0.5% m/m and +1.8% y/y.

The German May PPI has been reported at -0.2% m/m and -1.2% y/y, compared to expectations of -0.3% m/m and -1.2% y/y.

The French June Business Survey came in at 96, weaker than expectations of 97.

Asian stock markets today settled in the red. China’s Shanghai Composite Index (SHCOMP) closed down -0.07%, and Japan’s Nikkei 225 Stock Index (NIK) closed down -0.22%.

China’s Shanghai Composite Index closed slightly lower today. The conflict between Israel and Iran, now in its second week, continued to rattle investor confidence. Investor sentiment was also dampened by the absence of concrete policy signals from this week’s Lujiazui Forum, with focus now turning to the upcoming July Politburo meeting for more definitive signs of economic support measures. The benchmark index ended the week lower. Meanwhile, China left its benchmark lending rates steady as expected on Friday, after a reduction in the prior month intended to help offset the effects of trade tensions with the U.S. The one-year loan prime rate stayed at 3.0% and the five-year LPR was unchanged at 3.5%, according to the People’s Bank of China. In other news, the European Union said it intends to exclude Chinese firms from the bloc’s government purchases of medical devices after determining that EU manufacturers lack equal access in China, further escalating trade tensions between Brussels and Beijing. In corporate news, Pop Mart International Group slid over -3% in Hong Kong after a Chinese state media commentary urged tighter regulation of blind-box toys and trading cards to prevent potential addiction among children to purchasing the mystery items.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 Stock Index ended lower today as hotter-than-expected inflation data from the country and Middle East tensions dampened sentiment. Video game and heavy-industry stocks led the declines on Friday. Despite Friday’s drop, the benchmark index ended the week higher. Government data released on Friday showed that Japan’s core inflation accelerated to a fresh 2-year high in May and stayed above the Bank of Japan’s 2% target for over three years, but that may not prompt a rate hike anytime soon, as the country’s central bank waits to assess the outcome of U.S. trade talks. Persistently high inflation is complicating the BOJ’s policy stance, as uncertainty tied to tariffs makes it more difficult to gauge the appropriate timing for raising rates to curb price pressures. Meanwhile, minutes from the central bank’s April 30-May 1 policy meeting released on Friday showed that some BOJ policy board members said it was appropriate to maintain a stance favoring additional rate hikes, as real interest rates remain deeply negative and the 2% inflation target seems attainable. BOJ Governor Kazuo Ueda said on Friday that the central bank will keep raising interest rates if improvements in the economy continue to support a sustained achievement of its 2% inflation target. On the trade front, Japan’s top trade negotiator Ryosei Akazawa said on Friday that trade talks with the U.S. “remained in a fog” despite ongoing efforts by both sides to reach an agreement. In other news, Japan’s Ministry of Finance is scheduled to meet primary dealers today and institutional investors on Monday to discuss JGB issuance, with investors speculating that it may consider cutting volumes of 20-, 30-, and 40-year JGBs while increasing the supply of two-year bonds. The Nikkei Volatility Index, which takes into account the implied volatility of Nikkei 225 options, closed up +1.59% to 25.60.

The Japanese May National Core CPI stood at +3.7% y/y, stronger than expectations of +3.6% y/y.

Pre-Market U.S. Stock Movers

GMS Inc. (GMS) soared over +19% in pre-market trading after the Wall Street Journal reported that Home Depot had made an offer for the company.

Circle Internet Group (CRCL) surged more than +11% in pre-market trading, extending Wednesday’s gains after the Senate passed the Genius Act. Also, Seaport Research initiated coverage of the stock with a Buy rating and $235 price target.

Mondelez International (MDLZ) rose nearly +1% in pre-market trading after Wells Fargo upgraded the stock to Overweight from Equal Weight with a price target of $78.

Smith & Wesson Brands (SWBI) plunged more than -13% in pre-market trading after the gunmaker posted weaker-than-expected FQ4 results.

Johnson Controls (JCI) fell about -0.9% in pre-market trading after Oppenheimer downgraded the stock to Perform from Outperform.

You can see more pre-market stock movers here

Today’s U.S. Earnings Spotlight: Friday – June 20th

Accenture (ACN), Kroger (KR), Darden Restaurants (DRI), CarMax (KMX).

On the date of publication, Oleksandr Pylypenko did not have (either directly or indirectly) positions in any of the securities mentioned in this article. All information and data in this article is solely for informational purposes. This article was originally published on Barchart.com

Startups Weekly: Fast and furious

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Welcome to Startups Weekly — your weekly recap of everything you can’t miss from the world of startups. Want it in your inbox every Friday? Sign up here.

Some startups accrued value at lightning speed this week, and we got confirmation that defense tech is red hot.

Most interesting startup stories from the week

Eric Glyman, Ramp,
Image Credits:Kelly Sullivan / Getty Images

Many startup stories this week occurred in Y Combinator’s orbit in some way. Also, Israel once again lived up to its “Start-Up Nation” reputation.

That was fast: No-code website-building platform Wix acquired 6-month-old, bootstrapped vibe-coding startup Base44 — both Israeli companies — for $80 million in cash.

That was fast, too: In just three months, Ramp’s valuation jumped to $16 billion following its Series E, up from $13 billion when the spend management startup did a secondary sale earlier this year.

Friends and foes: New details emerged on Meta’s $14.3 billion deal to acquire 49% of startup Scale AI, including a potential dividend payout. We also learned that OpenAI was dropping Scale AI as a data provider following the deal.

Frenemies: The U.S. Department of Defense awarded a contract worth up to $200 million directly to OpenAI, which could further strain the startup’s relationship with Microsoft.  

ICYMI: Out of all the teams presenting at YC’s recent Spring 2025 Demo Day, here are 11 startups that investors have been talking about.

Didn’t happen: People are also still talking about the police shutting down the YC Demo Day after-party that controversial AI startup Cluely tried to throw; or as its CEO told TechCrunch, “the most legendary party that never happened.”

Most interesting VC and funding news this week

Man at laptop in a defense bunker
HelsingImage Credits:Helsing

Most funding news was driven by either defense tech, AI, or both, but there were also some surprises. Plus, one VC firm is aiming high for its next fund.

Good intuition: Applied Intuition, a company making software for autonomous vehicles, secured a $600 million Series F and tender offer at a $15 billion valuation.

New tune: Munich-based defense tech startup Helsing closed a €600 million investment led by Prima Materia, the VC firm of Spotify’s founder Daniel Ek, which valued Helsing at €12 billion.

New unicorn: Israeli observability startup Coralogix became a unicorn after raising a $115 million Series E, which it will use to double its headcount in India, where 100 of its 550 employees are currently based.

Toldja: Mach Industries, a 2-year-old defense tech startup, confirmed having raised a $100 million round of funding led by Khosla Ventures and Bedrock at a $470 million valuation. 

Money flows: Aspora, a startup formerly known as Vance and focused on facilitating remittances from the Indian diaspora, closed a $50 million Series B co-led by Sequoia and Greylock at a $500 million valuation.

Change of heart: Sword Health, an AI-powered digital health startup that began as a virtual physical therapy solution, locked in $40 million at a $4 billion valuation in a funding round led by returning investor General Catalyst. It also pushed back its IPO plans to at least 2028.

Multiplier effect: Multiplier Holdings announced having raised $27.5 million across seed and Series A rounds after joining the growing trend of buying legacy service businesses — in its case, accounting firms — and scaling them with AI.

Stock where you shop: Grifin, a startup whose app helps users buy stock from brands they shop at, such as Walmart, secured $11 million in a Series A round.

Out of Sweden: Polar, a payment infrastructure platform for developers and AI-first businesses, raised a $10 million seed round led by Accel. Its CEO previously co-founded Tictail, which was acquired by Shopify in 2018.

Bullish: Global VC Endeavor Catalyst is seeking to raise $300 million for its fifth fund. This would be its largest yet, as it looks to deepen its bet on fast-growing startups in emerging markets.

Last but not least

Alexa von Tobel
Image Credits:Alexa von Tobel

An early investor in Chime, founder-turned-VC Alexa von Tobel is ready for Fintech 3.0. “The next wave of innovation won’t come from superficial tweaks but from fundamental deep product reinvention — tools that meet the needs of a changing economy and a more diverse, digitally native population,” she told TechCrunch in an interview.

Marcus Rashford planning Man United training return if no transfer – sources

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Marcus Rashford is planning to return to training with Manchester United next month if a deal to leave Old Trafford has not been agreed, sources have told ESPN.

United are listening to offers for the England forward this summer, along with Jadon Sancho, Antony and Alejandro Garnacho.

There has been interest from Barcelona, Inter Milan, Juventus and Bayern Munich as well as a number of Premier League clubs.

But United are yet to receive a firm bid and, as things stand, Rashford, who is under contract until 2028, will report back to Carrington in July for preseason training.

Sources have told ESPN that head coach Ruben Amorim has not made a decision about whether Rashford, Antony, Garnacho and Sancho will be part of his squad for the summer tour of the United States.

With more than a month to go before the trip to Chicago, New York and Atlanta, sources close to Amorim have told ESPN it’s “too early” to make firm calls on his travelling party.

Rashford spent the second half of last season on loan at Aston Villa, scoring four goals in 17 appearances.

table visualization

United, according to sources, have not ruled out agreeing to another loan deal although they would prefer a permanent move. The 27-year-old is valued at around £40 million.

Rashford’s preference, according to sources, is to join a club playing in the Champions League in an effort to put himself in the best possible position to be part of Thomas Tuchel’s England squad for the 2026 World Cup in the U.S., Canada and Mexico.

Matthew McConaughey, Camila Alves, Kids Family Photo

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Matthew McConaughey did alright, alright, alright with his kids.

As the Oscar winner visited the Universal Studios Hollywood theme park in Los Angeles with his wife Camila Alves McConaughey, the pair proved their kids Levi, 16, Vida, 15, and Livingston, 12, look just like their mini-mes.

In a rare family photo from their June 19 outing, Matthew sported a blue, long-sleeved button-down shirt with a pair of khaki shorts and flip-flops as he stood in between Livingston—who wore an all-black ‘fit and white sneakers—and Vida, donning a black top and jeans.

Meanwhile, Camila stood next to her doppelgänger daughter sporting a white mesh top and green athleisure pants, while Levi stood next to his mom wearing a white, long-sleeved henley shirt and navy shorts.

The family’s day at the park is the group’s first public outing since April, when they all coordinated black-and-white outfits while attending the Mack, Jack & McConaughey Gala together in Austin, Texas.  

Prince William celebrates 43rd birthday with puppy photo

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A photo of Prince of Wales playing with puppies has been posted by Kensington Palace to mark his 43rd birthday.

“Happy birthday! Love C, G, C, L, Orla and the puppies!” it wrote alongside the previously unseen picture of Prince William, referring to his wife, the Princess of Wales, their children George, Charlotte and Louis, and their cocker spaniel.

Orla was given to the royal couple by Catherine’s brother, James Middleton, in 2020, shortly after the death of their previous dog Lupo.

The dog – seen walking behind William in the picture – gave birth to four puppies in May.

It follows a birthday message from the King and Queen, accompanied by an image of the prince sitting on a wall with a field behind him.

The picture was taken while the prince visited farmers and food producers on the Duchy of Cornwall – a parcel of land William now owns – in May.

In the lead-up to his birthday, Prince William attended the Trooping the Colour parade to mark King Charles’ official birthday, appearing on the balcony of Buckingham Palace for an RAF flypast.

A few days later, he and the Princess of Wales shared photos of Prince William with his children to mark Father’s Day.